锂辉石介绍：
锂辉石是主要含锂矿物，又称2型锂辉石。单斜晶系，晶体常呈柱状、粒状或板状。颜色呈灰白、灰绿、翠绿、紫色或黄色等。玻璃光泽,条痕无色。硬度6.5～7，密度3.03～3.22g/cm3。
Li Huishi introduced:
Spodumene is one of the main lithium minerals, also known as the type 2 spodumene. Monoclinic crystal shape, often Chengzhu granular or plate. The color is gray, gray green, green, purple or yellow. Glass luster, streak colorless. The hardness is 6.5 to 7, and the density is 3.03 ~ 3.22g/cm3.
锂辉石性能和作用
锂辉石按用途、化学成分和冶炼工艺要求分为三类：化工用锂辉石、陶瓷用锂辉石、低铁锂辉石。而作为锂主要来源的工业矿石——锂辉石在陶瓷、冶金、搪瓷、特种玻璃、化工等方面的应用迅速发展并日益扩大。在制品中添加锂辉石，能降低烧成温度，提高机械强度，抗热振性以及具有良好的化学稳定性的原因。
Properties and functions of spodumene
Spodumene by use of chemical composition and the smelting process requirements are divided into three categories: chemical spodumene, ceramic Li Huishi, iron spodumene. The application of spodumene in ceramic, metallurgy, enamel, special glass and chemical industry has been developing rapidly and expanding as the main source of lithium. Spodumene in the products, can reduce the sintering temperature and improve mechanical strength, heat shock resistance, good chemical stability and the reasons.
1、锂辉石在瓷质砖中的应用
“资质砖”作为无釉的低气孔率产品，具有相当良好的机械性能，如冲击力、硬度、耐久性。它是瓷砖系列优选的对象。瓷质砖与釉面砖和卫生洁具不同，它可把锂辉石直接用于坯体中降低烧成温度。
近的研究已经发现了用锂辉石替代部分霞石正长岩的优点。
二十世纪90年代，意大利专家研究得出，在瓷砖中加入锂辉石将达到：在生产工艺中提高玻化程度;在烧结过程中减小线收缩从而减少产品尺寸偏差。从抗污的意义上讲，提高了地砖的表面品质，增强了机械强度。
1, the application of Li Huishi in ceramic tile
"Quality brick" as low porosity, no glaze rate of products, has good mechanical properties, such as impact strength, hardness, durability. It is the preferred object of the ceramic tile series. Ceramic tiles are different from glazed tiles and sanitary ware, which can be used directly to reduce the burning temperature of spodumene in the body.
Recent research has found the advantages of using spodumene instead of nepheline syenite.
In 90s twentieth Century, Italy experts concluded that adding spodumene into ceramic tiles will achieve the goal of increasing the degree of vitrification in the production process, reducing the shrinkage and reducing the size deviation in the sintering process. In the sense of anti pollution, the surface quality of the floor tile is improved and the mechanical strength is enhanced.
2、锂辉石在玻化瓷砖(VHT)坯体的应用
全玻化、无釉的抛光地砖需要大约1200℃的烧成温度和45分钟的烧结时间。由于这样短的时间，传统熔剂显得无效，而使用锂辉石将有助于熔化和材质致密。
在配方中添加锂辉石了由于缩短了烧成周期而提高了生产率，降低烧成温度25℃，无釉坯体的抗色污染性能提高了90%，增强了机械强度，色彩更富“立体感”
2, application of Li Huishi in vitrified tile (VHT) body
Full vitrified, unglazed polished floor tiles require a firing temperature of about 1200 degrees C and 45 minutes of sintering time. Because of such a short time, the traditional flux appears to be ineffective, and the use of spodumene will help to melt and make the material compact.
Adding spodumene into the formula increased the productivity and reduced the firing temperature by 25 degrees, because of the shortened firing cycle. The color pollution resistance of the glazed body was increased by 90%, and the mechanical strength was enhanced, and the color was more "three-dimensional".
3、锂辉石在陶瓷坯体中的应用
在陶瓷坯体中加入锂辉石，既作助溶剂，同时又是保证生成低热膨胀晶体的重要组分。用锂辉石与钾长石(或钠长石)混合制成的瓷器坯料比只用长石的坯料其吸水率低，烧成温度可降低而强度增加。试验表明，坯料内含有20%霞石正长岩及10%锂辉石时，可将坯体的烧成温度降低为1050℃，坯体中加入锂辉石，采用普通的日用陶瓷制造工艺，可产生出的新型锂质耐热陶瓷炊餐具，具有强度高、抗热振性好，20~510℃/450℃一次热交换不裂、成本低，可用于各种热源下炸、炒、炖、煮品等优良性能。
3, the application of Li Huishi in the ceramic body
The addition of spodumene in the ceramic body is not only a solvent, but also an important component to ensure the formation of low thermal expansion crystals. The porcelain billet made of spodumene and potash feldspar (or albite) has a lower water absorption than the feldspar, and the sintering temperature can be reduced and the strength is increased. Tests show that the billet contains 20% nepheline syenite and 10% spodumene, the blank firing temperature is reduced to 1050 DEG C, adding spodumene blank, using ordinary ceramics for daily use in the manufacture of new lithium heat resisting ceramic cooking utensils can be produced, with high strength and heat shock resistance well, 20~510 /450 DEG C a heat exchange does not crack, low cost, can be used for various heat sources, fried fried, stew, cooked food and other excellent performance.
4、在陶瓷砂锅的应用
在传统砂锅工艺的基础上，在材质上按一定比例加入锂辉石，利用锂辉石稳定、耐热的特性，以弥补传统砂锅干烧易裂的缺点。制作日用耐热砂锅，这类砂锅叫新一代陶瓷砂锅，砂锅烧至600℃投入20℃水中不裂。锂辉石质耐热砂锅可直接在微波炉内烧烤,也可在冰箱冷藏,在各种热源下炸、炒、炖、煮品,经受长期的急冷急热条件下的考验仍完好无损,具有良好的热稳定性能，同时锂辉石是属于水晶类弱碱性矿石，富含多种矿物质通过加热可分解弱碱性矿物质，用加入锂辉石的陶瓷砂锅来煲煮物可以补充身体所需微量元素，具有一定养生功效。
4. Application in ceramic casserole
On the basis of the traditional casserole technology, the spodumene is added to the material at a certain rate. The spodumene is stable and heat-resistant to compensate for the shortcoming of the traditional casserole. The production of high temperature heat-resistant casseroles, this kind of casserole is called a new generation of ceramic casseroles. The casserole is burned to 600 degrees C and is not cracked in water at 20 C. Spodumene casserole barbecue can directly heat in the microwave oven, also can be in the refrigerator, in various heat source fry, stew, cooked food, long cold and hot condition test is still in good condition, good thermal stability, and spodumene belongs to weak alkaline mineral crystal. Rich in minerals can be decomposed by heating the alkaline mineral, with the addition of spodumene ceramic casserole to cooking can replenish trace elements, has certain health effects.
5、在釉料中的应用
以锂辉石为主要原料的Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2系统的釉料为基础，适当加入一些乳浊剂及熔剂，能够制备出相当低甚至为零膨胀系数的釉;以适应低膨胀坯的要求。这些釉之所以具有如此低的热膨胀系数，是由于釉含有低热膨胀的微晶，这些微晶大多数为β一锂辉石和凯石英，悬浮在高膨胀的透明玻璃基体中。
用锂辉石代替部分长石制备卫生瓷釉，以改进色釉基釉料，适应某些色料对基釉组份的要求，增加色釉品种。这种釉料具有烧成范围宽，坯釉结合性能好，釉面强度高等特点。采用锂辉石比用鳞片状或叶片状的锂云母，易于粉碎加工，釉浆的施釉性能好。
在卫生瓷生料锆乳浊釉中添加锂辉石，可有效降低锆釉的高温粘度，提高釉的高温流散性，促使锆英石以均匀细小的粒状微晶析出，从而获得高乳浊度，高质感的平滑釉面。
在墙地砖釉料(或熔块)配方中加入2～12%锂辉石，替代长石等相应原料，可起到如下作用：
a、降低烧成温度(助熔作用)，节约能源，延长炉龄；
b、降低熔体粘度，提高高温流动性和玻化程度，提高抗污染能力，增强釉面强度和光滑平整度;；
c、降低热膨胀系数，克服釉面裂纹，提高热稳定性；
d、提高白度，增强光泽度；
e、提高化学稳定性和耐酸性。
5, application in glaze
based on the glaze of Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 system based on spodumene, some glazing agents and additives can be properly added to prepare glazes with low or even zero expansion coefficient, so as to meet the requirements of low expansion billets. These glazes have such low thermal expansion coefficient because glazes contain low thermal expansion microcrystals. Most of these crystallites are beta spodumene and Kai Shiying, which are suspended in highly expanded transparent glass substrates.
Preparation of sanitary ceramics glaze from spodumene replaces feldspar, to improve the base glaze glaze, adapt to the requirements of some pigment base glaze composition, increase varieties glaze. This kind of glaze has the characteristics of wide firing range, good glaze binding property and high strength of glaze. The use of spodumene is easier to comminuted than the scaly or leaf like lithium-ion mica, and the glaze has a good glaze performance.
Spodumene in sanitary porcelain raw zirconium glaze, can effectively reduce the viscosity of zirconium glaze, high temperature fluidity of glaze, the zircon with granular fine microcrystalline precipitate, resulting in high opacity, smooth glaze high texture.
In tile glaze (or frit) adding 2 ~ 12% spodumene formulation, replace feldspar raw materials, can play a role:
A, reduce the sintering temperature (fluxing action), saving energy and prolonging the life of;
B, reduce the viscosity of the melt, improve the high temperature fluidity and the degree of vitrification, improve the anti pollution ability, enhance the strength and smoothness of the glaze.
C, reducing the coefficient of thermal expansion, overcoming the crack of glaze, and improving the thermal stability.
D, improve whiteness, enhance glossiness;
E, improve chemical stability and acid resistance.
6、在窑具中的应用
在匣钵料中，加入锂辉石，起助熔作用，能促进刚玉烧结;有利于莫来石的生成，还能与石英、堇青石等晶质形成共熔体，改善热性能和机械强度，使匣钵使用寿命提高。
应用于辊道窑用瓷管
以锂辉石为主要原料，生产辊道窑用瓷管调整锂辉石含量使瓷管配方组成点落在负膨胀区附近，该瓷管具有低的膨胀系数，热稳定性好，同时配方组成点又在莫来石析晶区，故烧成后针状莫来石较多，提高机械强度。而其使用寿命主要取决于这两个因素。
6. Application in kiln furniture
In the sagger, adding spodumene, helps the melt effect, can promote the sintering of corundum; contributes to the formation of mullite, quartz, cordierite and also amorphous formation eutectic, improve the thermal performance and mechanical strength, improve the service life of saggars.
Application of porcelain tube for roller kiln
Using spodumene as main raw materials, the production of roller kiln ceramic pipe for adjustment of spodumene make porcelain tube composition fell in the negative expansion zone near the ceramic tube has low expansion coefficient, good thermal stability, and the composition and in the mullite crystallization area, so the firing of acicular mullite more. To improve the mechanical strength. And its service life depends mainly on the two factors.
7、锂辉石用于制作宝石
色彩鲜艳且透明的锂辉石，如紫锂辉石和翠绿锂辉石，可作宝石或手链、项链、衣服配饰等。
7. Spodumene is used to make gems
Colourful and transparent spodumene, such as purple spodumene and green spodumene, can be used as gemstones or bracelets, necklaces, and clothing accessories.
8、在其它领域中的应用
锂辉石应用于玻璃和搪瓷工业中。在玻璃和搪瓷釉配方中引入锂辉石，可在较宽成分范围内获得β一锂辉石和凯石英两种低膨胀晶体，并无需引用晶核，晶种就可同时均匀结晶。从而提离机械强度和抗热振性。
由于锂辉石是主要的锂工业矿物来源，一般也用来制取化学原料的锂。如用包括锻烧，热水淋滤，蒸发—结晶的工艺生产锂的氢氧化物;有的则先锻烧锂辉石，然后再与硫酸反应生成硫酸锂，或者用苏打将其转化为碳酸理，由简单的锂化合物可用电解法制得金属锂。
8. Application in other fields
Spodumene should be used in glass and enamel industries. The introduction of spodumene in the formula of glass and enamel glaze can get two low expansion crystals of beta spodumene and Kai Shiying in a wide range of components. No need to quote crystal nucleus, crystal seeds can be uniformly crystallized at the same time. To lift off the mechanical strength and heat shock resistance.
As the most important source of lithium industrial minerals, spodumene is generally used to make lithium of chemical raw materials. Such as the use of hot water including calcination leaching, evaporation crystallization process of lithium hydroxide; others first calcined spodumene, lithium sulfate and then produce sulfuric acid reaction, or the use of soda into lithium carbonate, lithium metal lithium compounds by simple available electrolytic method.
